c) Brand new east Jewish languages display multiple has: biggest fret (1), change off [Theta] to a single (4), reinterpretation out of verb category just like the shape (5), and you may reflexive pronouns centered on nos- (17). Speaking of areal enjoys and therefore duration the essential divide anywhere between Halabja towards the one hand and you may Koy Sanjaq and Azerbaijan with the most other. This is not clear where dialect each of them starts, but they are likely lent from just one towards the others rather than handed down in keeping.
These about three biggest groups out of isoglosses depict simply a little region of one’s proof which can be taken to incur with the taxonomy of your own NENA languages. Hoberman (1988, 573), having fun with research regarding pronouns, demonstrates the existence of a northern Iraqi dialect group (right here depicted by the Zakho, Tisqopa, and you can Aradhin) which can not be understood according to the limited data presented right here. What is needed now could be both thicker descriptions of your own languages currently noted, to make sure that more common and you will pinpointing features is obtainable, and get field work in order to record the many languages being towards the brink of extinction.
step one Thank-you are caused by individuals who contributed investigation and suggestions, such as for instance Gene Gragg, Robert Hoberman, and you can Jo Rubba. Elizabeth.H. summer stipend.
Such as for instance, f and you can grams had been employed in the words eg etrog ‘citron’ and you may sefer ‘scroll of your law’, where on the passed on Aramaic vocabulary f might have be p and you may grams could have gone away
3 Garbell (1964, 100-103) states the speakers off Jewish Azerbaiaic away from Kurdish. Their first proof for it ‘s the enunciation out of Hebrew financing-conditions inside dialect. Hebrew loanwords within the Jewish Azerbaijani retain some musical which were removed otherwise combined with folks regarding common Neo-Aramaic language. Garbell claims these particular retentions show that these Hebrew terminology was basically lent in the first place in Kurdish, and that several Kurdish speakers afterwards shifted to help you Neo-Aramaic. It appears likely to be the Hebrew issue regarding dialect don’t take part in brand new sound alterations in concern on account of the brand new unique religious sign in to http://www.datingranking.net/de/glutenfreie-datierung which it fall in. They may have even changed then already been recovered on foundation of your old-fashioned enunciation regarding neighboring communities.
cuatro A raised + implies that the following term are pronounced into the suprasegmental ability ’emphasis’ which is found to some degree in every NENA dialects. Phonetically, focus try cutting-edge, however, the primary role was velarization, and is will caused by the clear presence of new emphatic consonants t and you may s.
7 About dialect out of Tyari [Theta] often becomes s. It dialect, which had been verbal in advance of 1915 from inside the a location away from Hakkari, is not talked about right here because material inside was lack of.
8 That isn’t obvious whether or not this form exists for the the newest Halabja dialect. My personal informants from that point realized it, but said it absolutely was significantly more characteristic of surrounding town of Suleimaniya. Regardless, it is unfamiliar regarding dialect of your Jews off Sanandaj.
nine Robert Hoberman ways in my opinion your NENA models get actually have originated an enthusiastic unattested metathesized age[Theta]strip ezdi.
Boyarin, Daniel. 1981. From inside the Bono Homini Donum: Essays for the Historical Linguistics when you look at the Memories from J. Alexander Kerns, ed. Yoel L. Arbeitman and you may Allan Roentgen. Bomhard. Amsterdam Knowledge regarding Concept and you will History of Linguistic Research, collection IV. Most recent Circumstances for the Linguistic Theory sixteen. Region II, 613-forty-two. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
A query on the Development of the Center Aramaic Languages
Garbell, Irene. 1964. Apartment Conditions and you can Syllables inside the Jewish Eastern The Aramaic out of Persian Azerbaijan and Continguous Districts (A problem of Multilingualism). Within the Degree during the Egyptology and Linguistics honoring H. J. Polotsky, ed. H. B. Rosen, 86-103. Jerusalem: Israel Mining Community.